Usually people with persistent asthma use two types of medications for treating the disorder and its symptoms. First type is the bronchodilator which is generally used for stopping the asthma attack which had already started. Second is the corticosteroid that is used for controlling and preventing asthma attacks.
Bronchodilators are used for getting quick relief from the acute symptoms caused by an asthma attack include inhaled medicine like bronchodilator or short-acting beta agoinst, like albuterol. Albuterol relaxes the tightened muscles surrounding the bronchial tubes.
Corticosteroids are used for long-term control of asthma. This is the standard medical treatment using steroids. Functions of corticosteroids are similar to cortisol. Cortisol is an hormone produced by the adrenal glands.
Corticosteroids decrease the airways inflammation for preventing asthma signs and attacks. Often, corticosteroids are referred to as steroids and mustn’t be confused with the drugs which are abused by a few athletes.
Asthma Steroids Side Effects:
As corticosteroids are used over a long period, side effects may be a concern. Following are some side effects of steroids.
- Bruising: Very rarely, bruising occurs due to the usage of inhaled corticosteroids, but the side effects of these medications are very less when compared to steroids taken in the form of pills.
- Fungal Infections: A fungal infection of the mouth, called thrush is the most common side effect. This can be treated very easily. This condition can be prevented by rinsing the mouth after inhaling the medication or in some cases, changing the technique of inhalation also prevents thrush. Seek the advise of health care provider. Inhaled corticosteroids don’t result in fungal infections.
- Weight Gain: Steroids may increase the appetite and result in weight gain. They themselves don’t lead to weight gain. Those taking corticosteroids must be careful in controlling their intake of dietary food. Consult the health care provider if increase in weight is a concern.
- Hoarseness: A few people notice their voices becoming hoarse or husky while using an inhaled steroid. Generally, this can be treated by taking lower doses. Treatment may be discontinued if the hoarseness persists.
Other side effects include gain or loss of appetite, rapid heartbeat, nausea and nervousness. These occur rarely and can be noticed when the dosage is taken in higher amounts. Usually, this can be resolved by changing the dosage or taking a different medication prescribed by the doctor.
